一、 容易混淆的动词

[考试说明]　了解及物动词和不及物动词用法；掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、状语以及疑问词连用构成不定式短语的基本用法；理解动词不定式作主语和定语的用法；初步掌握延续性动词和瞬间动词在用法上的区别等。

 1. come, be here
[误]　He has come here for three hours.
[正]　He came here three hours ago.
[正]　He has been here for three hours.
come是瞬间动词，在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。而要与表示一段时间的状语连用，要用延续动词。
与此同类的还有borrow/lend—keep; join—be in/at; die—be dead; buy—have; leave—be away, etc.
 2. cost, take, spend, pay
[误]　I cost a lot of time to read stories.
[正]　It cost me a lot of time to read stories.
[正]　I spent a lot of time reading stories.
cost除了钱的花费以外，还能表示时间上的花费，但常用物做主语。sth./it cost (sb.) time/money to do sth.
spend句子主语是人，可指花费时间和金钱， sb. spend time/money in doing/on sth.
pay句子主语是人，常与for连用，sb. pay money for sth.
buy也常与for连用，但花费“钱”要放在介词for后面，而pay则放在介词for前面。sb. buy sth. for money.
补充： spend ... (in) doing sth. 意思是“花(时间、钱)干某事”，后面的动词必须使用动词的ing形式，介词 in可省略。
spend ... on sth. 意思是“在某事/某物上花(时间、钱)”。有时，两者可以替换使用。