1. 被动语态的几种特殊形式

(1) 带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语，则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的直接宾语前加上介词to或for。如：
She gave me a book. (变为被动语态)→
I was given a book. (间接宾语me改为主语)
A book was given to me. (直接宾语a book改为主语)
(2) 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当被视为一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。如：We must speak to the old politely. (变为被动语态)→
The old must be spoken to politely.
(3) 带有复合宾语的动词变被动语态时，只需把宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语仍然保留在原处，作主语补足语。如：
I heard Jane playing the piano in her room. (变为被动语态)→
Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.
(4) 感官动词see, hear等和使役动词let, have, make在主动句中用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动句时，应加上不定式符号to。如：
He makes the girl stay at home. (变为被动语态)→
The girl is made to stay at home by him.
(5) 不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面，与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系，不定式要用主动表被动含义。
I have much work to do. 我有许多事情要做。(与work有动宾关系，与I有主谓关系)
Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom在找一间房间入住。(与room有动宾关系，与Tom 有主谓关系)
He has a family to support. 他要维持一个家庭。(与family有动宾关系，与he有主谓关系)
(6) 在be to结构中的一些不定式：这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：
Who is to blame for starting the fire? 这场火灾应该追究谁的责任？
You are to blame for the accident. 你应为这个事故受到责备。
The house is to let. 此房出租。
A lot remains to do. 还剩下许多事情要做。